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Warmblood yearling, left tarsal injury Bone window, sagittal

New bone formation and lytic lesions in talus and central tarsal bone

Bone window, frontal: new bone formation and lytic lesions in talus and central tarsal bone

New bone formation and lytic lesions in the talus

Bone window, transverse: new bone formation and lytic lesions in talus and central tarsal bone

Severe desmopathy of the medial CL in a tarsus with obvious bone remodelling

Soft tissue window, frontal: severe desmopathy and enthesopathy of the medial collateral ligament

Standing CT of an equine hock shows severe enthesiopathy in the pars tibiocalcanea of the medial CL

Soft tissue window, sagittal: severe enthesopathy of the pars tibiocalcanea of the medial collateral ligament

Diagnosis:

Massive traumatic bone lesions in the left talocrural joint with lytic lesion in the adjacent joint surfaces.

In addition, however, there is severe desmopathy and enthesopathy of the medial collateral ligament. The CT images show severe longitudinal tears and fibrillations in both the long and short parts of this ligament. The short part (pars tibiocalcanea) is partially ruptured.

3D reconstruction of an elbow with severe joint cartilage damage

14YO warmblood mare, chronic right front lameness, diagnostic anesthesia inconclusive 3D view of osteoarthritis of the elbow joint

Sever subchondral lytic bone lesion proximo-medial in the radial bone surrounded by severe bone sclerosis

Severe subchondral lytic bone lesion in proximo-medial radius surrounded by severe sclerosis

Isolated small bone fragment in the palmar elbow joint and cyst-like bone lesions on the proximal radioulnar articulation

Isolated small bone fragment and cyst-like bone lesions in palmar aspect of elbow joint

Periosteal bone formation on an elbow

Periosteal bone formation proximal radial bone

Diagnosis:

Chronic osteoarthritis of the right elbow joint and destructive bone reactions with a small bone fragment related to the syndesmosis of the radius and ulna.

3D reconstruction of a caudal neck scan done under GA: Discopathy at C4/5

Mild, unclear and inconsistent bilateral front lameness 3D view of cervical spine

Mineralisation and protrusion of the intervertebral disc at C4/5 in the bone window

Bone window: discopathy with mineralization and protrusion of the intervertebral disc between C4/C5

Mineralisation and protrusion of the intervertebral disc at C4/5 in the soft tissue window

Soft tissue window: discopathy with mineralization and protrusion of the intervertebral disc between C4/C5

Bony fragment at the level of C2/3 affects the spinal cord

Axial: arthropathy of the left facet joint with an isolated bone fragment C2/C3

Bony fragment at C2/3 in the coronal plane

Frontal: arthropathy of the left facet joint with a isolated bone fragment C2/C3

Bony fragment at C2/3 in the sagittal plane

Sagittal: arthropathy of the left facet joint with a isolated bone fragment C2/C3

Diagnosis:
The CT images describe an arthropathy of the left facet joint between C2 and 3 which is related to an isolated bone fragment at the left cranial articular process of C3. Arthroscopic removal of such fragments has been described recently. Just like the easily recognizable discopathy, the evaluation of the clinical significance of these findings is difficult. However, these changes are frequently found in so-called “poor performance” cases.

Contrast medium accumulation in the CL lesion of the DIP joint

10 yo showjumper, 2/5 left front lameness straight line, 3/5 on left circle, mild improvement after DIP joint block, positive abaxial nerve block

Longitudinal split the medial CL of the DIP joint

Bone window – transverse – contrast medium in the lesions of the collateral ligament lesion of the DIP joint

Defect in the medial CL of the DIP joint

Soft tissue window – frontal – longitudinal split the medial collateral ligament of the DIP joint

Diagnosis:
CT images present a desmopathy of the medial collateral ligament of the DIP joint
The lesion can already be clearly seen on the soft tissue images without contrast.
Intra-articular application of contrast agent improves visualization and may be helpful in smaller lesions.

Lytic lesions and sclerosis in proximo-palmar MC3 at the attachment of HSL

Bone window, sagittal image, irregular palmar contour MC III, mineralization HSL

Comparative soft tissue section of both front limbs: Severe core lesion and hypertrophy of left HSL with bone remodelling of MC3

Soft tissue window– transversal – comparison left right front– severe core lesion and hypertrophy left high suspensory ligament

Transverse soft tissue window shows hypertrophy and mineralization of the HSL

Soft tissue window – transversal – hypertrophy and mineralization left HSL

Sagittal soft tissue image of the distal limb

Soft tissue window, sagittal image, core lesion, hypertrophy and mineralization HSL

Diagnosis:
Chronic enthesopathy and desmopathy in the origin of the high suspensory ligament with obvious sclerotic and lytic and proliferative reactions of the third metacarpal bone. Severe core lesion in the HSL with chronic mineralization.

The contrast agent is embedded in the cartilage lesions of a fetlock joint

Fetlock joint, sagittal slice of a contrast study in the bone window – The contrast agent is embedded in the cartilage lesions. In this case there are both partial thickness and full-thickness-lesions

Osteoarthritis in the fetlock - CT arthrography of the standing, non weight bearing limb enables separation of both articular surfaces and shows multiple lesions in the joint cartilage of varying depth

Fetlock joint, coronal slice of a contrast study in the bone window – CT arthrography (standing) of the non weight bearing limbs enables separation of both articular surfaces and shows multiple lesions of varying depth. Diagnosis of an osteoarthritis in the fetlock

Bone scan (contrast study) at the level of the navicular bone highlights DDFT lesion with contrast accumulation

Hoof, coronal slice of a contrast study in the bone window – At the level of the navicular bone an insertional tendinopathy in the medial branch of the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) can be detected

Contrast study of an insertional tendinopathy in the medial branch of the DDFT

Hoof, coronal slice of a native scan in the bone window – A cortical intrusion in the palmar area of the flexor surface of the navicular bone

Insertional tendinopathy in the medial branch of the DDFT

Hoof, sagittal slice of a contrast study in the bone window – Lesion in the cartilage surface on the palmar surface of the navicular bone

Soft tissue reconstruction showing up a DDFT tendinopathy with a dorsal border lesion of the medial branch at the level of the navicular bone

Hoof, coronal slice of a native scan in the soft tissue window – Insertional tendinopathy of the medial branch of the deep digital flexor tendon

Contrast medium accumulation in the area of the longitudinal DDFT lesions at the level of the navicular bone (green arrows) and focal

Hoof, transverse slice of a native scan in the soft tissue window – Dorsal longitudinal lesion of the medial branch of the DDFT at the level of the navicular bone